Longitudinal Progressive Wave
Light, Sound and Waves

Ultrasound scans

Classroom Activity for 14-16 IOP RESOURCES

Ultrasound imaging systems uses piezoelectric transducers as source and detector. Piezoelectric crystals vibrate in response to an alternating voltage, and when placed against a patient’s skin and driven at high frequencies produce ultrasound pulses that travel through the body. 

As they travel outwards and encounter different layers within the body the ultrasound waves are reflected back towards the source. 

The returning signal drives the crystals in reverse and produces an electronic signal that is processed to construct the image. Compared to MRI, ultrasound has the advantages of low cost and portability. 

Ultrasound image of a baby

It is also preferred over x-ray imaging for procedures in which ionising radiation poses a significant risk, such as checking foetal development during pre-natal care.

Resources

Longitudinal Progressive Wave
is a special case of Progressive Wave
has the special case Sound Wave
IOP AWARDS 2025

Teachers of Physics Awards

The Teachers of Physics Award celebrates the success of secondary school physics teachers who have raised the profile of physics and science in schools. Nominations for 2025 are now open.

Start your nomination now