Electrical Circuit
Electricity and Magnetism

Thinking about actions to take: Adding Elements to Circuits

Teaching Guidance for 11-14 Supporting Physics Teaching

There's a good chance you could improve your teaching if you were to:

Try these

  • thinking about electrical loops
  • linking what you do in setting up a loop to your reasoning about the circuit
  • using model to mean a toolkit for thinking with that is capable of generating predictions
  • reasoning about electrical loops as complete systems
  • reasoning about parallel circuits as two complete loops
  • being consistent in how you draw circuits

Teacher Tip: Work through the Physics Narrative to find these lines of thinking worked out and then look in the Teaching Approaches for some examples of activities.

Avoid these

  • using sequential models, such as donation models
  • conflating energy shifting and charge flowing
  • electrical energy

Teacher Tip: These difficulties are distilled from: the research findings; the practice of well-connected teachers with expertise; issues intrinsic to representing the physics well.

IOP AWARDS 2025

Teachers of Physics Awards

The Teachers of Physics Award celebrates the success of secondary school physics teachers who have raised the profile of physics and science in schools. Nominations for 2025 are now open.

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