Reflective retinas
Stories from Physics for 11-14 14-16
The red-eye effect that can appear in photographs is caused by the reflection of the camera flash from blood vessels at the back of the eye. Red-eye reduction systems typically work by firing a number of rapid flashes of light, which cause the subject’s pupils to contract, reducing reflection from the retina.
References
H. J. Kamps, Macro Photography Photo Workshop, Hoboken, NJ, Wiley Publishing Inc., 2007, p. 177.
M. E. Soper, The Shot Doctor, The Amateur’s Guide to Taking Great Digital Photos, Que Publishing, Indianapolis, IN, 2009, p. 8.