Reflection
Light, Sound and Waves

Reflection of light

Physics Narrative for 11-14 Supporting Physics Teaching

Reflection from surfaces

Light beams are reflected from surfaces according to the law of reflection, which states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

Here an explanation of the law builds up, step by step. (Remember that rays are figments of your imagination.)

The angles of incidence (i) and reflection (r) are measured between the incident (incoming) and reflected (outgoing) rays and the normal line. The normal line is a construction line drawn perpendicular to the reflecting surface at the point where the incident ray strikes.

Reflection
is formalised by Law of Reflection
can be exhibited by Progressive Wave
has the special case Total Internal Reflection
IOP AWARDS 2025

Teachers of Physics Awards

The Teachers of Physics Award celebrates the success of secondary school physics teachers who have raised the profile of physics and science in schools. Nominations for 2025 are now open.

Start your nomination now